1. Master the Basics of Doctor-Patient Communication
A good patient interaction should be:
Clear – Use simple, understandable language.
Compassionate – Show empathy and listen actively.
Structured – Organize your thoughts logically.
Tip: Use the SPIKES framework for difficult conversations (e.g., breaking bad news):
- S – Set up the conversation (privacy, introductions)
- P – Perception (ask the patient what they know)
- I – Invitation (ask if they want details)
- K – Knowledge (explain clearly, avoid medical jargon)
- E – Empathy (acknowledge emotions)
- S – Summary & Strategy (next steps)
2. Practice Active Listening
- Let patients finish speaking before responding.
- Nod, maintain eye contact, and use verbal affirmations (“I see,” “That must be difficult”).
- Repeat back key information: “So, if I understand correctly, you’ve been experiencing stomach pain for three weeks?”
Tip: Try the “5-second pause” rule—after asking a question, wait 5 seconds before speaking again. Patients often reveal more information!
3. Work on History-Taking Skills
Use the OLDCARTS or SOCRATES method for symptoms:
- O – Onset (When did it start?)
- L – Location (Where is the pain?)
- D – Duration (How long does it last?)
- C – Character (Sharp, dull, burning?)
- A – Aggravating/Alleviating factors
- R – Radiation (Does the pain spread anywhere?)
- T – Timing (Worse in the morning? After meals?)
- S – Severity (Pain scale 1–10?)
Tip: Practice with classmates, family, or even in front of a mirror.
4. Role-Play with Standardized Patients or Friends
- Many medical schools offer simulated patient encounters—take them seriously!
- Practice with friends or classmates by taking turns playing patient/doctor.
- Record yourself and analyze your tone, clarity, and body language.
Tip: Actively seek feedback from mentors, tutors, or residents.
5. Learn to Explain Medical Concepts Simply
- Avoid medical jargon (e.g., instead of “hypertension,” say “high blood pressure”).
- Use analogies: “Your arteries are like a garden hose—if the pressure inside increases too much, it can cause damage over time.”
- Ask patients to repeat back instructions to ensure understanding.
Tip: Use the “Teach-Back Method” – “Can you tell me in your own words how you’ll take this medication?”